Search results for " lung"
showing 10 items of 680 documents
Impact of gas emboli and hyperbaric treatment on respiratory function of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)
2018
We investigated lung function in bycaught sea turtles with and without gas emboli. Hyperbaric O2 treatment significantly improves lung function. Pulmonary function testing may be a useful diagnostic tool to assess fisheries induced trauma.
Antitumor effect of oncolytic virus and paclitaxel encapsulated in extracellular vesicles for lung cancer treatment
2018
Standard of care for cancer is commonly a combination of surgery with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. However, in some advanced cancer patients this approach might still remaininefficient and may cause many side effects, including severe complications and even death. Oncolytic viruses exhibit different anti-cancer mechanisms compared with conventional therapies, allowing the possibility for improved effect in cancer therapy. Chemotherapeutics combined with oncolytic viruses exhibit stronger cytotoxic responses and oncolysis. Here, we have investigated the systemic delivery of the oncolytic adenovirus and paclitaxel encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EV) formulation that, in vitro, s…
Retinoic Acid affects Lung Adenocarcinoma growth by inducing differentiation via GATA6 activation and EGFR and Wnt inhibition
2016
AbstractA fundamental task in cancer research aims at the identification of new pharmacological therapies that can affect tumor growth. Differentiation therapy might exploit this function not only for hematological diseases, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) but also for epithelial tumors, including lung cancer. Here we show that Retinoic Acid (RA) arrests in vitro and in vivo the growth of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) resistant Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). In particular, we found that RA induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in TKI resistant NSCLC cells and activates terminal differentiation programs by modulating the expression of GATA6, a key transcription factor involved …
Safety and efficacy of buparlisib (BKM120) and chemotherapy in advanced, squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC): Results from the phase Ib/II …
2016
e20522Background: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway activation may contribute to primary and secondary resistance to platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapy (CT) in sqNSCLC. The pan-PI3K inhibi...
Targeting prohibitins with chemical ligands inhibits KRAS-mediated lung tumours.
2017
KRAS is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). RAS proteins trigger multiple effector signalling pathways including the highly conserved RAF-MAPK pathway. CRAF, a direct RAS effector protein, is required for KRAS-mediated tumourigenesis. Thus, the molecular mechanisms driving the activation of CRAF are intensively studied. Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) is an evolutionarily conserved adaptor protein and interaction of CRAF with PHB1 at the plasma membrane is essential for CRAF activation. Here, we demonstrate that PHB1 is highly expressed in NSCLC patients and correlates with poor survival. Targeting of PHB1 with two chemical ligands (rocaglamide an…
NGS‐based liquid biopsy profiling identifies mechanisms of resistance to ALK inhibitors: a step toward personalized NSCLC treatment
2021
Despite impressive and durable responses, nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors (ALK‐Is) ultimately progress due to development of resistance. Here, we have evaluated the clinical utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) upon disease progression. We collected 26 plasma and two cerebrospinal fluid samples from 24 advanced ALK‐positive NSCLC patients at disease progression to an ALK‐I. These samples were analyzed by NGS and digital PCR. A tool to retrieve variants at the ALK locus was developed (VALK tool). We identified at least one resistance mutation in the ALK locus in ten (38.5%) p…
Immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer: a bridge between research and clinical practice
2018
Lung cancer has been historically considered a poorly immunogenic disease because of the few evidence of immune responses in affected patients and the limited efficacy of immunomodulating strategies. Recent understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to cancer immune evasion has allowed the development of a new class of drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors, which reactivate host responses with outstanding clinical benefits in a portion of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. In this review, we briefly summarize the basis of immunogenicity and immune escape of cancer, with specific focus on non-small-cell lung cancer, mechanisms underlying immune checkpoint inhibitors effica…
Morpho-functional study of vascular fluorochrome delivery to lung and liver metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL).
1991
The growth of 3LL liver and lung metastases related to Its vascular organization was studied by morphological and functional methods, using the Hoechst 33342 fluorescent DNA staining technique. Experimental liver and lung metastases were produced in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice by injection of 3LL tumor cells into a lateral tail vein or into the spleen, respectively. The resulting neoplasms were composed of large cells arranged in sheets with a thin irregularly distributed stroma. Scattered blood vessels with an open or closed lumen were observed within the tumor. Functional study of H33342 diffusion showed a single and reticular fluorescent pattern in liver metastases. In contrast, in lung meta…
Follow up analysis by exosomal miRNAs in EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients during osimertinib (AZD9291) treatment: A potential…
2016
e23035Background: NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutations are able to receive approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) but to better assess the treatment responses new tools are needed. Liquid bi...
Analysis of the Gut Microbiota: An Emerging Source of Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
2021
Simple Summary The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), and concretely the blockade of the PD1/PDL1 axis, has opened up a new standard of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, despite substantial advances in clinical care, many patients still remain refractory to these therapies. Biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression and tumor mutational burden have been associated with ICB efficacy, but the mechanisms underlying variable responses are not yet fully understood. Recently, the differential composition of the gut microbiota was studied as one of the variables accounting for interpatient heterogeneity in ICB responses. To better understand the potential role of the gut microbiot…